心导管检查

定义

心导管检查 involves passing a thin flexible tube (catheter) into the right or left side of the heart. The catheter is most often inserted from the groin or the arm.

选择的名字

Catheterization - cardiac; Heart catheterization; Angina - cardiac catheterization; CAD - cardiac catheterization; 冠状动脉疾病 - cardiac catheterization; Heart valve - cardiac catheterization; Heart failure - cardiac catheterization

如何执行测试

You will get medicine before the test to help you relax.

The health care provider will clean a site on your arm, 脖子, or groin and insert a line into one of your veins. This is called an intravenous (IV) line.

A larger thin plastic tube called a sheath is placed into a vein or artery in your leg or arm. Then longer plastic tubes called catheters are carefully moved up into the heart using live x射线 (透视)作为指导. 然后十大赌博平台排行榜可以:

• 从心脏采集血液样本
• Measure pressure and blood flow in the heart's chambers and in the large arteries around the heart
• Measure the oxygen in different parts of your heart
• 检查心脏的动脉
• 执行一个 心肌活检

对于某些程序, you may be injected with a dye that helps your provider to visualize the structures and vessels within the heart.

If you have a blockage, you may have 血管成形术 and a stent placed during the procedure.

测试可能持续30到60分钟. If you also need special procedures, the test may take longer. If the catheter is placed in your groin, you will often be asked to lie flat on your back for a few to several hours after the test to avoid bleeding.

You will be told how to take care of yourself 当你回家时 手术结束后.

如何准备考试

You should not eat or drink for 6 to 8 hours before the test. The test takes place in a hospital and you will be asked to wear a hospital gown. Sometimes, you will need to spend the night before the test in the hospital. Otherwise, you will come to the hospital the morning of the procedure.

Your provider will explain the procedure and its risks. A witnessed, signed consent form for the procedure is required.

如果你:

• Are allergic to seafood or any medicines
• Have had a bad reaction to contrast dye or iodine in the past
• Take any medicines, including Viagra or other drugs for 勃起功能障碍
• 可能怀孕了

考试的感觉如何

The study is done by cardiologists and a trained health care team.

You will be awake and able to follow instructions during the test.

You may feel some discomfort or pressure where the catheter is placed. You may have some discomfort from lying still during the test or from lying flat on your back after the procedure.

为什么要进行测试

This procedure is most often done to get information about the heart or its blood vessels. It may also be done to treat some types of heart conditions, or to find out if you need heart surgery.

Your doctor may perform cardiac catheterization to diagnose or evaluate:

• 的原因 充血性心力衰竭 or 心肌病
• 冠状动脉疾病
• 心脏缺陷 that are present at birth (congenital)
• 肺部高血压(肺动脉高压)
• 心脏瓣膜有问题

The following procedures may also be done using cardiac catheterization:

• 修复某些类型的心脏缺陷
• Open a narrowed (stenotic) heart valve
• Open blocked arteries or grafts in the heart (血管成形术 支架置入与否)

风险

心导管检查 carries a slightly higher risk than other heart tests. However, it is very safe when done by an experienced team.

风险包括:

• 心脏压塞
• 心脏病
• 冠状动脉受伤
• 心率不齐
• 低血压
• 对对比染料的反应
• 中风

Possible complications of any type of catheterization include the following:

• Bleeding, infection, and pain at the IV or sheath insertion site
• 对血管的损伤
• 血凝块
• Kidney damage due to the contrast dye (more common in people with diabetes or kidney problems)

参考文献

Dangas GD, Mehran R. Coronary angiography and intravascular imaging. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 12日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 21.

Kumbhani DJ, Bhatt DL. 经皮冠状动脉介入治疗. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 12日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 41.

Kern MJ, Seto AH, Herrmann J. Invasive hemodynamic diagnosis of cardiac disease. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 12日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 22.

Kern MJ, Kirtane AJ. 导管和血管造影. 参见:Goldman L, Schafer AI主编. Goldman-Cecil医学. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 51.